Kenn.Apel{at}wwu.edu
Purpose: Current research and theory in spelling development and best practices for literacy instruction were reviewed to develop a set of theoretically guided assessment and intervention procedures. These procedures were applied to the case of a 13-year-old student with spelling difficulties.
Method: The student was involved in an intensive group intervention program that focused on increasing foundational skills for spelling and on oral word-level reading. Assessment results led to an intervention program targeting phonemic and morphological awareness skills and orthographic knowledge.
Results: The student demonstrated clinically significant growth in phonemic and morphological awareness, orthographic knowledge, spelling, and word-level reading.
Conclusion: Results of the case study suggest that assessment and intervention procedures guided by theory and research can lead speech-language pathologists to effective participation in aspects of spelling remediation. Additionally, the case study may serve as a model for clinical services and evidence-based practice within clinical settings.
KEY WORDS: spelling, literacy, assessment, intervention, case study
Submitted on November 9, 2000
Accepted on March 24, 2001
This article has been cited by other articles:
![]() |
S. A. Wagovich, Y. Pak, and M. D. Miller Orthographic Word Knowledge Growth in School-Age Children Am J Speech Lang Pathol, May 1, 2012; 21(2): 140 - 153. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
J. A. Wolter, T. Self, and K. Apel Initial Mental Graphemic Representation Acquisition and Later Literacy Achievement in Children With Language Impairment: A Longitudinal Study J Learn Disabil, November 1, 2011; 44(6): 543 - 555. [Abstract] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
K. Apel and J. Lawrence Contributions of Morphological Awareness Skills to Word-Level Reading and Spelling in First-Grade Children With and Without Speech Sound Disorder J Speech Lang Hear Res, October 1, 2011; 54(5): 1312 - 1327. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
A. K. Bothe and J. D. Richardson Statistical, Practical, Clinical, and Personal Significance: Definitions and Applications in Speech-Language Pathology Am J Speech Lang Pathol, August 1, 2011; 20(3): 233 - 242. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
J. J. Masterson and K. Apel The Spelling Sensitivity Score: Noting Developmental Changes in Spelling Knowledge Assessment for Effective Intervention, December 1, 2010; 36(1): 35 - 45. [Abstract] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
J. A. Wolter and K. Apel Initial Acquisition of Mental Graphemic Representations in Children with Language Impairment J Speech Lang Hear Res, February 1, 2010; 53(1): 179 - 195. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
K. Apel The Acquisition of Mental Orthographic Representations for Reading and Spelling Development Communication Disorders Quarterly, November 1, 2009; 31(1): 42 - 52. [Abstract] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
B. C. McNeill, G. T. Gillon, and B. Dodd Effectiveness of an integrated phonological awareness approach for children with childhood apraxia of speech (CAS) Child Language Teaching and Therapy, October 1, 2009; 25(3): 341 - 366. [Abstract] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
C. Kirk and G. T. Gillon Integrated Morphological Awareness Intervention as a Tool for Improving Literacy Lang Speech Hear Serv Sch, July 1, 2009; 40(3): 341 - 351. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
D. Ravid and V. Geiger Promoting morphological awareness in Hebrew-speaking grade-schoolers: An intervention study using linguistic humor First Language, February 1, 2009; 29(1): 81 - 112. [Abstract] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
C. Kirk and G. T. Gillon Longitudinal Effects of Phonological Awareness Intervention on Morphological Awareness in Children With Speech Impairment Lang Speech Hear Serv Sch, October 1, 2007; 38(4): 342 - 352. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
J. A. Wolter, A. DiLollo, and K. Apel A Narrative Therapy Approach to Counseling: A Model for Working With Adolescents and Adults With Language-Literacy Deficits Lang Speech Hear Serv Sch, July 1, 2006; 37(3): 168 - 177. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
M. E. Kelman and K. Apel Effects of a Multiple Linguistic and Prescriptive Approach to Spelling Instruction: A Case Study Communication Disorders Quarterly, January 1, 2004; 25(2): 56 - 66. [Abstract] [PDF] |
||||